Simple Present- verb "BE"

* O verbo "be" é um verbo independente, isto é, pode-se fazer a interrogativa e negativa por ele mesmo não precisando de um auxiliar na frase:

Exemplos:
I am very happy today.
Am I very happy today?
I am not very happy today.

She is from Montes Claros.
Is she from Montes Claros?
She is not from Montes Claros.

They are in the classroom.
Are they in the classroom?
They are not in the classroom.

Quando não há "modal verbs" na frase (can, could, will, shall, would, should, may, might, ought to etc) usamos os auxiliares "do" ou "does" para colocar a frase na interrogativa ou negativa. Usa-se "do" para I, You, We, They. Usa-se "does" para He, She and It.

Examples:
You speak English.
Do you speak English?
You do not speak English.

He writes very well.
Does he write very well?
He does not write very well.

If you want to see more verbs, click here (para mais verbos, clique aqui):
Complete List of Simple Present Forms

USE 1 - Repeated Actions
Use the Simple Present to express the idea that an action is repeated or usual. The action can be a habit, a hobby, a daily event, a scheduled event or something that often happens. It can also be something a person often forgets or usually does not do.

Examples:
I play tennis.
She does not play tennis.
Does he play tennis?
The train leaves every morning at 8 AM.
The train does not leave at 9 AM.
When does the train usually leave?
She always forgets her purse.
He never forgets his wallet.
Every twelve months, the Earth circles the Sun.
Does the Sun circle the Earth?

USE 2 - Facts or Generalizations
The Simple Present can also indicate the speaker believes that a fact was true before, is true now, and will be true in the future. It is not important if the speaker is correct about the fact. It is also used to make generalizations about people or things.

Examples:
Cats like milk.
Birds do not like milk.
Do pigs like milk?
Montes Claros is in Minas Gerais.
Montes Claros is not in Bahia.
Walls are made of bricks.
Walls are not made of plastic.
Piracicaba is a small city. It is not important that this fact is untrue.

USE 3 - Scheduled Events in the Near Future
Speakers occasionally use Simple Present to talk about scheduled events in the near future. This is most commonly done when talking about public transportation, but it can be used with other scheduled events as well.

Examples:
The bus leaves tonight at 9 PM.
The plain does not arrive at 9 AM, it arrives at 9 PM.
When do we board the plane?
The movie starts at 7 o'clock.
When does the play begin tomorrow?

USE 4 - Now (Non-Continuous Verbs)
Speakers sometimes use the Simple Present to express the idea that an action is happening or is not happening now. This can only be done with Non-Continuous Verbs and certain Mixed Verbs.

Examples:
I am here now.
She is not here now.
He needs help right now.
He does not need help now.
He has his money in his hand.
Do you have your I.D with you

- Verbos regulares são os que terminam em "ed".

Exemplos: watched, washed, kissed, stopped, waited, coughed, carried, played, worked etc.

- Verbos irregulares são aqueles que não recebem "ed" em suas terminações e podem, ou não, sofrer alterações na estrutura.

Exemplos: buy (bought), put (put), teach (taught), cut (cut), drive (drove), read (read) etc.

- Ao contrário do "Simple Present" que precisa dos auxiliares "do" e "does" para colocar a frase na interrogativa e negativa, o "Simple Past" é muito simples pois somente requer o "did" para todas as pessoas.

** Did I, you, he, she, it, we, you, they? (interrogativa)

** I, you, he, she, it, we, you, they did not (negativa)

Exemplos:

* Did you go to school today in the morning?

* You did not tell me what you did yesterday.

USE 1 Completed Action in the Past

Use the Simple Past to express the idea that an action started and finished at a specific time in the past. Sometimes, the speaker may not actually mention the specific time, but they do have one specific time in mind.

USE 2 A Series of Completed Actions

We use the Simple Past to list a series of completed actions in the past. These actions happen 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, and so on.

USE 3 Duration in Past

The Simple Past can be used with a duration which starts and stops in the past. A duration is a longer action often indicated by expressions such as: for two years, for five minutes, all day, all year, etc.

USE 4 Habits in the Past

The Simple Past can also be used to describe a habit which stopped in the past. It can have the same meaning as "used to." To make it clear that we are talking about a habit, we often add expressions such as: always, often, usually, never, when I was a child, when I was younger, etc.